It would be impossible to describe the entire history of the country that we now know as Iraq from its earliest days as much of Mesopotamia, a Cradle of Civilization. Modern day Iraq became a kingdom under British rule in 1921 and gained independence in 1932. After a local coup overthrew the kingdom, Arab socialism under the Ba'ath Party resulted in attempts to redistribute land but also to substantial infighting for power until Saddam Hussein gained power in 1979 and led Iraq through the Iran-Iraq War, the Gulf War, and the invasion of Iraq that deposed him in 2003, resulting in 15 years of major instability until ISIS was deposed. It cannot be said that Iraq is stable these days, but conditions are a little better than they were. Although its economy is largely based around oil, political upheaval and occupation (of both country and oil) by Western interests has decimated its wealth. For example, despite being an oil nation, it has the 10th least-correlated GDP to oil relationship in the world (https://medium.com/@econometricfun/predicting-the-economy-of-a-petrostate-baa0b94d295d).
During the Islamic Golden Age in the 8th and 9th centuries, Baghdad was arguably the most important and prestigious city in the world, and still to this day has its share of history and wonder.
One day it is hoped that Iraq will rightfully be returned to Iraqis under a stable government. But at the moment, such a prospect remains a difficult one to achieve with the amount of influence from Arab and Western countries and their corporations along with continued instability.
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